Wednesday, December 20, 2017

Morocco - Ancient and Indigenous religions

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Since the 7th century AD Morocco has been dominated by one religion, Islam. Christianity has not had an impact in Morocco since then. However, Morocco and Spain have had periods of invasion and occupation by each side. Therefore, there was a Muslim influence in Spain and a Christian influence in Morocco. Islam and Christianity have had major political impacts on Morocco and its relationship with the Arab world and Europe. 




Ancient history of Morocco does not shed much light on religious beliefs of indigenous people of Morocco. What we do know is that Judaism flourished in Morocco and was present long before the Roman Empire. There are stories of entire indigenous tribes of Berbers being Jewish in ancient Morocco. Jewish people have lived in Morocco for thousands of years. The last few decades have seen a mass exodus of Jews from Morocco. Around World War II there were 250,000 Jews in Morocco but today there are under 10,000. In a bit of irony, Jewish people actually moved from Spain to Morocco in the 15th century because of persecution from Catholic leadership in Spain at that time.





In the latter stages of the Roman Empire Christianity was introduced to Morocco. The Visigoths brought a type of Christianity called Arianism. Later on there was a strong Byzantine Christian presence. 

(Emperor Constantine)


Before the Romans officially became Christian the state religion throughout the Empire was a polytheistic religion that incorporated Greek mythology. 

(Roman god of Jupiter)

Before the Roman Empire the Phoenicians landed in Morocco. 

 (Phoenician god of Baal)


The settlements the Phoenicians established later turned into the Carthaginian Empire. Like the Romans, the Carthaginians had a polytheistic type of religion.

 (Ba'al Hammon, king of the gods)



 References

"Western North Africa (The Maghrib), 500 - 1000 A.D." The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 2017. Accessed December 18, 2017. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ht/06/afw.html.
"A guide to jewish heritage in morocco." A Guide to Jewish Heritage in Morocco. 2017. Accessed December 19, 2017. http://www.travel-exploration.com/page.cfm/Jewish-Heritage.
Cartwright, Mark. "Phoenician Religion." Ancient History Encyclopedia. April 16, 2014. Accessed December 19, 2017. https://www.ancient.eu/Phoenician_Religion/.
Wasson, Donald L. "Roman Religion." Ancient History Encyclopedia. November 13, 2013. Accessed December 19, 2017. https://www.ancient.eu/Roman_Religion/.

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